P4P5 Reverse Model Drawing (Before and After Fractional Change)

This exercise below aims to help students better understand before and after models by having them look at the already completed models and have them fill in the blanks to the original problem sum description.

While these are not exam questions, they help students to structure their thinking process for the formation of the equations(number sentences) needed to solve such questions.

Given the before and after model above, 
fill in the blanks.

Luke has ___ times as many toy cars as Marvin at first.

After Luke gave away __/__ of his toy cars.

He now has equal number of toy cars as Marvin.

Luke have 13 toy cars at the end.

They have ___ toy cars altogether at first. 

If the above question is easy, try to do the more challenging question below. 

The question below will randomize with different numbers every hour. 

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P4P5 : Internal Transfer Multiples (More Became Less)

This question type is very similar to the one with external transfer where the one with more became the one with less.

This one, however, is internal transfer, where the larger value gives away to the smaller value until the smaller value becomes the bigger one.

Such questions will appear in Section C of P4 exams and Paper 1 of P5 exams.

Calculator usage is not allowed.

Kieran has thrice as many marbles as Irwin at first.

After Kieran gave Irwin 75 marbles,

Irwin now has twice as many marbles as Kieran.

How many marbles did Kieran have at first?

If the above question is easy, try to do the more challenging question below. 

The question below will randomize with different numbers every hour. 

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P4P5 Math: Before and After Multiples (More became Less)

This type of question is a "Before and After" where the one with more, became the one with less after an external transfer.

This question requires students to draw "before and after" comparison models in order to visualize the problem sum.

Such questions are common in Section C of P4 exams and also Paper 1 of P5 exams.

Calculator usage is not allowed

Another one of more difficulty that deals with "internal transfer"

Jenny has twice as much money as Kelly.

After Jenny spent $36 on a durian, 

Kelly now has twice as much as Jenny.

How much did both girls have altogether at first?

If the above question is easy, try to do the more challenging question below. 

The question below will randomize with different numbers every hour. 

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P3/P4 Before and After One Party Unchanged (Start Multiples, End Difference)

Such questions presents 2 values to be multiples of each other at first.

One of the value undergo a change(addition/subtraction) and the resulting difference is given after the chance.

Such questions require students to use "Before and After Comparison Models" to visualize the changes and to also be aware that one of the values "did not change".

These questions are common in Section C of P3 and P4 exam papers.

There were thrice as many boys as girls whom were in the school hall at first.

After 15 boys left the school hall to go toilet, 

there were still 17 more boys than girls remaining in the hall.

How many students were there altogether in the school hall at first?

If the above question is easy, try to do the more challenging question below.

The question below will randomize with different numbers every hour. 

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P4P5 Math: Before and After Start Multiples End Same

Such problem sums starts with 2 parties, one being a multiple of another at first.

Both parties undergo addition or subtraction and results in both having equal value at the end.

This type of problem sum will require student to use before and after models to represent visually the starting multiples of one another at the "Before" model and the "After" model to represent the changes and how both became "Equal".

These questions are common in Section C of P4 exams and Paper 1 of P5 exams.

Calculator usage is not allowed.

Chris have 3 times as many buttons as Bailey at first.

After Chris used 30 buttons making shirts and Bailey used 4 buttons for making pants,

they had the same number of buttons left.

How many buttons did Chris have at first?

If the above question is easy, try to do the more challenging question below.

The question below will randomize with different numbers every hour. 

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P5 Math: Uneven Ratio becomes Equal after Both Decrease

This question provides the ratio of 2 items at first.
After both undergo different decrease in value, both ends up being equal with one another.

Such questions are common in WA2(mid year) for P5.

Calculator usage may be allowed.

A similar but "inverted" version of this question can also be found "here".

Alan and Rick each have pencils in the ratio of 5:8.

After Alan gave away 32 pencils and Rick sold 77 pencils.

They have equal number of pencils remaining.

How many pencils did Rick have at the end?

If the above question is easy, try to do the more challenging question below.

The question below will randomize with different numbers every hour. 

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P4/P5 Math: Starting Multiples and Ending Multiples After Equal Decrease in Value

"Before and After Comparison Models" are staple for P3 to P6 Math.

The folowing question type presents one party to be a multiple of another at first.

After both undergo an equal decrease in value, the ending comparison is another multiple of one another.

Such questions are common in P4 Section C and P5 Paper 1.

Calculator usage is not allowed.

Kenneth has thrice as many baseball caps as Hiroshi at first.

After each gave away 45 caps,
Kenneth still has 8 times as many baseball caps as Hiroshi.

How many caps did both have altogether at first?

If the above question is easy, try to do the more challenging question below.

The question below will randomize with different numbers every hour. 

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P4 Math: Before and After Multiples ( One Party Changed ) Advanced

This question is the slightly more advanced version of the "Before and After" model with one party changed. The simpler version can be found here.

Comparison models will need to be drawn to represent correctly on which is the party that changed.

Such questions usually appear in Section C of P4 SA2 exams.

Alan has 3 times as much money as Beth at first.

After Beth spent $18 on lunch,

Alan now has 5 times as much money as her.

How much did Alan have?

Chicken Rice of Singapore

If the above question is easy, try to do the more challenging question below.

The question below will randomize with different numbers every hour. 

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P4 Math: Before and After Fractions (One Party Changed)

This question type shows that one of the parties changed, causing the fractional comparison to become different at the end.

The solution requires students to make use of "Before and After" comparison models. 

Such questions are common in P4 exams, often appearing in Section C of the paper.

Abigail has 6 times as many stickers as Belinda.

After Belinda bought 450 more stickers,

Belinda now has ¹/₃ as many stickers as Abigail.

How many stickers did both have altogether at first?

If the above question is easy, try to do the more challenging question below.

The question below will randomize with different numbers every hour. 

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P4/P5 Math: Before and After (Start with Multiples and Ending Equal)

Questions such as the one below starts off with one party having multiples of another.

The one with more(at first) decreased and the one with less(at first) increased.
Both ends with equal value.

The amount decreased or increased may not always be a multiple of a common number.

A "Before and After" comparison model is needed to represent the changes.

Such questions require no calculator and are suitable for both P4 and P5.

Ackbar and Mohan each bought some carrots from the supermarket.

Ackbar bought 5 times as many carrots as Mohan.

After Ackbar ate 13 carrots and Mohan bought 19 more,

both have equal number of carrots.

How many carrots do they have altogether at the end?

If the above question is easy, try to do the more challenging question below.

The question below will randomize with different numbers every hour. 

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