P5P6 Math: Before and After (One Party Change) Fractional Comparison

Such questions are very similar to before and after "ratio" comparison where only one of the values changed, but the ratios are expressed using fractions. 

Such questions are common in Paper 2 of P5 and P6 exams.

Calculator usage is allowed.

Similar Ratio (One Party Change) questions can be found here.

Ben and Lenny each have some baseball cards.

At first, Ben has ²/₅ as many cards as Lenny.

After Ben bought 36 more cards,

Ben has ²/₃ as many cards as Lenny.

How many cards did both boys have altogether at first?

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P3/P4 Before and After One Party Unchanged (Start Multiples, End Difference)

Such questions presents 2 values to be multiples of each other at first.

One of the value undergo a change(addition/subtraction) and the resulting difference is given after the chance.

Such questions require students to use "Before and After Comparison Models" to visualize the changes and to also be aware that one of the values "did not change".

These questions are common in Section C of P3 and P4 exam papers.

There were thrice as many boys as girls whom were in the school hall at first.

After 15 boys left the school hall to go toilet, 

there were still 17 more boys than girls remaining in the hall.

How many students were there altogether in the school hall at first?

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P3/P4 Before and After One Party Unchanged (Start Same, End Multiples)

In such questions, 2 values are being presented to be equal at first.

One of the values undergo a change (add/subtract) and it results with the larger value becoming a multiple of the smaller value at the end.

Before and After questions are staples for P3 and P4 students as they would need to know how to visualize these questions using "Before and After Comparison Models".

Such questions are common in Section C of P3 and P4 exam papers.

Harold and Kumar has the same number of sweets at first.

After Harold ate 45 sweets, 

Kumar now has 4 times as many sweets as Harold.

How many sweets did both have altogether at first?

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P4 Math: One Party Unchanged ( Advanced )

2 parties "Before and After" comparison questions are staple section C questions in P4 exams.

The following question is a type of "One Party Changed" question.
Such questions are similar to the ones here.

But this version poses a slight challenge when students attempt to solve it via model drawing (comparison models).

Chris has 40 more erasers than Devi at first.

After Devi bought 4 more erasers,

Chris now has 5 times as many erasers as Devi.

How many erasers did Devi have at first?

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P5 Math: Ratio (Before and After) Fractional Change

Ratio is a concept taught in P5 and it closely resembles simplified fractions.

The following question type requires student to be able to perform fractional decrease to one of the ratio numbers.

Such questions are common in Paper 1 of P5 and P6 exam papers.

Calculator usage is not allowed.

Petrina has markers and files in the ratio of 2:3 respectively.

She gave away ¹/₃ of her markers.

What is the ratio of her remaining markers to files in the end?

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P5/P6 Math: Average Difference if Only One Changed

An average score of a group of students is given.

If one of the student's score increases or decreases by a certain value, the average score changes accordingly.

Such questions are common in Paper 1 of P5 and P6 exams.

Calculator usage is not allowed.

After a Science Test, the average score of a group of students was 83.

Due to an error in marking, one of the students scored 68 instead of 88.

The new average of the group became 82 because of the adjustment.

How many students were there in the class?

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P4 Math: Before and After Multiples ( One Party Changed ) Advanced

This question is the slightly more advanced version of the "Before and After" model with one party changed. The simpler version can be found here.

Comparison models will need to be drawn to represent correctly on which is the party that changed.

Such questions usually appear in Section C of P4 SA2 exams.

Alan has 3 times as much money as Beth at first.

After Beth spent $18 on lunch,

Alan now has 5 times as much money as her.

How much did Alan have?

Chicken Rice of Singapore

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P4 Math: Before and After Fractions (One Party Changed)

This question type shows that one of the parties changed, causing the fractional comparison to become different at the end.

The solution requires students to make use of "Before and After" comparison models. 

Such questions are common in P4 exams, often appearing in Section C of the paper.

Abigail has 6 times as many stickers as Belinda.

After Belinda bought 450 more stickers,

Belinda now has ¹/₃ as many stickers as Abigail.

How many stickers did both have altogether at first?

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P6 Math: Fraction of Remaining with Before and After

Many P6 Math Paper 2 questions in Mid Year and Prelim exams makes use of 2 concepts learnt in P5.

Concepts such as "Fraction of Remaining" and "Before and After" and other ratio concepts are often combined to produce a question like the one below.

Such questions will appear in Paper 2.
Calculator usage is allowed.

In a farm, ²/₅ of the animals were chickens.

⁹/₁₀ of the remaining animals were pigs and the rest were ducks.

There were 112 more pigs than chickens at first.

After the farmer sold some of the chickens,

4/5 of all the animals left were pigs and ducks.

How many chickens were sold?

Animal Farm by George Orwell
All young adults should read this at least once

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P5/P6 Math: Percentage : One Party Changed

The question below deals with Percentage of 2 different items,
with only one item quantity changed,
the percentage of the total also changed for both items.

Such questions are suitable for P5 and P6 and 
usually appears starting from P5 SA2 in paper 2.

Calculator usage is allowed.

A basket contains both red and blue beads.

30% of the beads in the basket were blue.

After 40 red beads were removed,

50% of the beads in the basket were blue.

a) How many beads were there altogether in the basket at first?

b) How many red beads were there at the end?

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P4 Math: Before and After (Intermediate)

The question type below deals with "P4 before and after" comparison models.
One of the models will remain the same.

Such questions often appear in P3/P4 exam papers in Section C.

Samy has thrice as many books as Darius at first. After Darius gave away 18 books, Samy has 6 times as many books as Darius.

How many books does Samy have?

Book binding process (video link)

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