P6 Math: Before and After Ratio made Equal at the end

This question type starts with a ratio and after both values undergo some decrease, a new ratio is given.

Both values undergo another addition and that causes both values to become the same at the end.

Such questions are common in P6 Prelim Paper 2.

Calculator usage is allowed.

Benedict and Erica has erasers in the ratio of 5:7 respectively.

After Benedict gave away ³/₇ of his erasers and Erica sold some erasers,

the ratio of Benedict's to Erica's remaining erasers became 10:7.

Benedict then bought another 60 erasers and Erica bought 240 erasers.

Each have the same number of erasers at the end.

How many erasers does Erica have at first?

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P5 Math: Uneven Ratio becomes Equal after Both Decrease

This question provides the ratio of 2 items at first.
After both undergo different decrease in value, both ends up being equal with one another.

Such questions are common in WA2(mid year) for P5.

Calculator usage may be allowed.

A similar but "inverted" version of this question can also be found "here".

Alan and Rick each have pencils in the ratio of 5:8.

After Alan gave away 32 pencils and Rick sold 77 pencils.

They have equal number of pencils remaining.

How many pencils did Rick have at the end?

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P5/P6: Ratio : Difference Unchanged (Age)

Age comparison questions are common in P4 but in P5 ratio will be used(instead of fractions or multiples) to compare the ages.

These questions requires the concept of "Difference Unchanged".
Similar questions can be viewed here.

Such before and after questions will usually appear in Paper 2 of P5 exams.

Caculator usage is allowed.

The ratio of Hannah's age to Grace's age was 5:6 at first.

10 years ago, the ratio of their age was 5:8.

How old is Grace now?

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P6 Math: Overlapping Shapes with Ratios

The following question presents 2 shapes that are overlapping each other.

Such overlapping shapes questions often appear in P6 Paper 2.
Calculator usage is allowed.

The comparison of each whole shape's area with another is respresented using a ratio.
The ratio of the are that is not overlapping each other is also provided.

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P4/P5 Math: Before and After Age ( Multiples given at First and Total give at the End)

Such questions about age, requires students to understand that the age gap remains constant (ie constant difference) and that both ages need to add (or subtract) the same amount when talking about the number of years to the future (or the past).

A comparison using multiples will be given at first.
A total of the sum of the ages is also provided at the end (either a few years into the future or to the past).

Such "before and after" questions usually appear in Section C of P4 and Paper 1 of P5.
Calculator usage is not allowed (for P5).

Similar questions such as this(but not dealing with age) can also be found "here".

Ben is thrice as old as Alan now.

In 3 years time, Ben and Alan have a total combined age of 54.

How old is Ben now?

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P3/P4 Math: Before and After (Constant Difference)

The following question type introduces the concept of constant difference to the P3 and P4 students and requires students to be able to solve by means of model drawing.

Such is a question that requires "Before and After" model drawing methods to visualize the concept of "Constant Difference".

These questions will appear in Section C of P3 and P4 exam papers.

Eric and Brady have the same number of goldfish in their aquariums.

After Eric added 5 goldfish and
Brady added 15 goldfish in their own aquariums,

Brady now has twice as many goldfish as Eric.

How many goldfish did they have altogether at first?

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P5/P6 Math: Overlapping Shapes and Areas

Such questions usually appears in P5 Paper 2 after students have learnt ratio.

These questions are also common for P6 exams.

Calculator usage is accepted.

"Equal Fraction" concepts and "Ratio" concepts are required to solve this question.

Overlapping tiles

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P4 Math: Before and After (Difference Unchanged)

The question type below deals with "P4 before and after" comparison models.
As both parties are subtracting the same amount, 

the difference between the 2 parties remains the same. (Constant Difference)

Such questions often appear in P4 exam papers in Section C.

Students may find this question "here" to be similar to the ones below.

Lily has 110 more postcards than Kelly at first. After both girls gave away the same number of postcards, Lily has 6 times as many postcards remaining as Kelly.

How many postcards did Kelly have at the end?

The earliest known picture postcard was designed and mailed out from London, England

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P6 Math: Overlapping Quadrant and Triangle in a Square

Such questions usually appears in P6 Paper 2 after students have learnt Circles.

Calculator usage is allowed.

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P5 Math: Ratio: Constant Difference

The question below deals with the ratio concept of constant difference.
Such questions will appear in exams once after ratio techniques are taught in P5.

Calculator usage is allowed.

A similar question on constant difference with "age" can be found here.

Peter and Jack have some vouchers.

The number of vouchers that Peter have to

the number of vouchers that Jack have was 1:4 at first.

After each of them bought 66 more vouchers,

the ratio of Peter's vouchers to Jack's vouchers became 5:11.

How many vouchers did both boys have at the end?

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